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Afaq Ahmad Khan

Concept of assembler, compiler, interpreter, loader and linker.

Computers are a balanced mix of software and hardware. Hardware is just a piece of mechanical device and its functions are being controlled by a compatible software. Hardware understands instructions in the form of electronic charge, which is the counterpart of binary language in software programming. Binary language has only two alphabets, 0 and 1. […]

Operating System

The Operating System is a program with the following features − An operating system is a program that acts as an interface between the software and the computer hardware. It is an integrated set of specialized programs used to manage overall resources and operations of the computer. It is a specialized software that controls and […]

Storage

Memory unit is the amount of data that can be stored in the storage unit. This storage capacity is expressed in terms of Bytes.

I/O Devices or Input/Output Devices

Following are some of the important input devices which are used in a computer. Ex:- Keyboard, Mouse, Joy Stick, Light pen, Track Ball, Scanner, Graphic Tablet, Microphone, Magnetic Ink Card Reader(MICR), Optical Character Reader(OCR), Bar Code Reader, Optical Mark Reader(OMR)

Processor

Central Processing Unit (CPU) consists of the following features. CPU is considered as the brain of the computer. CPU performs all types of data processing operations. It stores data, intermediate results, and instructions (program). It controls the operation of all parts of the computer.

Memory

Computer memory is the storage space in the computer,where data is to be processed and instructions required for processing are stored. The memory is divided into large number of small parts called cells. Each location or cell has a unique address, which varies from zero to memory size minus one.

Java break and continue

Java break is keyword which is used to going out from “switch” and loops(while, do-while, for). Java continue is also a keyword which is used to going to next condition in loops(while, do-while, for) and going to next case in switch.

Java for

When we want to execute a block execute multiple time then we use loop.It executes until condition is true. The for executes a block of code as long as a given condition is true. It has multiple statements. This is very popular in all loops.

Java do while

When we want to execute a block execute multiple time then we use loop.It executes until condition is true. The do – while executes a block of code as long as a given condition is true.

Java while

When we want to execute a block execute multiple time then we use loop.It executes until condition is true. The while executes a block of code as long as a given condition is true.

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